Working directory [ˈwɝː.kɪŋ daɪˈrek.tɚ.i]: the current computer directory you are working in.
For example, if you want to load a file within a programming script, the working directory is where your relative file path starts.
In R, you can see the current working directory with the command getwd() and set it with setwd(). Similar commands exist for different languages.
When you’re building a web application, the working directory is the main directory containing all the necessary files.
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